RV water heaters are generally designed to mount in a flat exterior wall, and the solution is mould a surrounding adapter (or transition piece) in
fiberglass, which is visible in photos of trailers such as my
Boler 1700 (see the same setup on a different variation of B1700 in an
Album photo). With the water heater, it's a large square heater door, so the whole thing is quite a wart on the curve of the trailer, but for a typical
furnace vent it could be quite small and blend in much better.